@misc{Dziubińska_Amanda._The_2026.09.29,
 author={Dziubińska, Amanda.},
 copyright={The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)},
 address={Warsaw},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2026.09.29},
 publisher={The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)},
 language={eng},
 abstract={Ahead of the 2027 presidential election, France is strengthening its system for countering foreign information operations. A specialised body (VIGINUM) and inter-institutional coordination make it easier to detect interference and respond quickly. Limiting the influence of disinformation narratives on public debate remains a challenge, however. The French experience can help other countries, including Poland, to improve institutional cooperation and build a comprehensive mechanism for protecting elections.},
 title={The French model for countering foreign information operations},
 type={file},
 keywords={France, Elections/voting, Heads of state, Misinformation/disinformation, Interference in the internal affairs of states, Foreign policy, State security},
}