@misc{Bryjka_Filip._Escalating_2026.08.24, author={Bryjka, Filip.}, copyright={The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)}, address={Warsaw}, howpublished={online}, year={2026.08.24}, publisher={The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)}, language={eng}, abstract={Russia is the main beneficiary of the crisis in Polish-Ukrainian relations, which escalated following the Ukrainian President’s decision on 26 May this year to name a military unit after the “heroes of the UPA.” The Russian disinformation and propaganda apparatus is fuelling anti-Ukrainian sentiment in Poland and anti-Polish sentiment in Ukraine, whilst the number of Polish-language posts containing anti-Ukrainian hate speech has risen sharply. These activities are likely to intensify ahead of the 2027 parliamentary elections in Poland and may be accompanied by provocations, acts of subversion and sabotage, and ethnically motivated violence.}, type={file}, title={Escalating the Polish-Ukrainian dispute: Russia’s operational objective in Poland}, keywords={Polska, Federacja Rosyjska, polityka zagraniczna poszczególnych państw, status i rola w systemie międzynarodowym, napięcia międzynarodowe, sytuacja wewnętrzna, dyplomacja}, }