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<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The French model for countering foreign information operations]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[The French model for countering foreign information operations]]></dc:title>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Dziubińska, Amanda.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[France]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Elections/voting]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Heads of state]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Misinformation/disinformation]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Interference in the internal affairs of states]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Foreign policy]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[State security]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[France]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Elections/voting]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Heads of state]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Misinformation/disinformation]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Interference in the internal affairs of states]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Foreign policy]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[State security]]></dc:subject>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Warsaw]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ahead of the 2027 presidential election, France is strengthening its system for countering foreign information operations. A specialised body (VIGINUM) and inter-institutional coordination make it easier to detect interference and respond quickly. Limiting the influence of disinformation narratives on public debate remains a challenge, however. The French experience can help other countries, including Poland, to improve institutional cooperation and build a comprehensive mechanism for protecting elections.]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Warsaw]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Ahead of the 2027 presidential election, France is strengthening its system for countering foreign information operations. A specialised body (VIGINUM) and inter-institutional coordination make it easier to detect interference and respond quickly. Limiting the influence of disinformation narratives on public debate remains a challenge, however. The French experience can help other countries, including Poland, to improve institutional cooperation and build a comprehensive mechanism for protecting elections.]]></dc:description>
<dc:publisher><![CDATA[The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:publisher>
<dc:contributor><![CDATA[Wójtowicz, Aleksandra.]]></dc:contributor>
<dc:date><![CDATA[2026.09.29]]></dc:date>
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<dc:format xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[282 KB]]></dc:format>
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<dc:identifier><![CDATA[http://digit.pism.pl/Content/4691/PISM%20Bulletin%20no%2066%20(2698)%2029%20September%202026.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[https://digit.pism.pl/dlibra/publication/4872/edition/4691/content]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[oai:digit.pism.pl:4691]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[PISM Bulletin no. 66 (2698), 2026]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Library of the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[PISM Bulletin no. 66 (2698), 2026]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Library of the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:source>
<dc:language><![CDATA[eng]]></dc:language>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Biuletyn PISM nr 66 (3200), 2026]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[oai:digit.pism.pl:publication:4872]]></dc:relation>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:rights>
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