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		<identifier>oai:digit.pism.pl:4830</identifier>
	    <datestamp>2026-10-07T15:28:02Z</datestamp>
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<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Protection of Media Freedom Provokes Debate in the EU]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Protection of Media Freedom Provokes Debate in the EU]]></dc:title>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Kolarz, Stefania.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[European Union]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mass media]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Freedom of the press]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Freedom of expression and information]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Dependence/independence of mass media]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Media law]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[EMFA]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Unia Europejska]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[środki masowego przekazu]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[wolność mediów]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[niezależność mediów]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[akty prawne]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[EMFA]]></dc:subject>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Warsaw]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The discussion on the recently adopted European Media Freedom Act (EMFA) divided the EU institutions, Member States, and publishers. Controversies include whether there even is a need for the new law and the possibility for the authorities to wiretap journalists and remove content from online platforms. Although the EMFA contains guarantees for media independence, such as those related to the transparency of their funding, its effectiveness is undermined by leaving a wide margin of discretion to EU states on such issues as the concentration of media companies.]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Warsaw]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[The discussion on the recently adopted European Media Freedom Act (EMFA) divided the EU institutions, Member States, and publishers. Controversies include whether there even is a need for the new law and the possibility for the authorities to wiretap journalists and remove content from online platforms. Although the EMFA contains guarantees for media independence, such as those related to the transparency of their funding, its effectiveness is undermined by leaving a wide margin of discretion to EU states on such issues as the concentration of media companies.]]></dc:description>
<dc:publisher><![CDATA[The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:publisher>
<dc:date><![CDATA[2024.06.25]]></dc:date>
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<dc:format xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[546 KB]]></dc:format>
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<dc:identifier><![CDATA[http://digit.pism.pl/Content/4830/PISM%20Bulletin%20no%2091%20(2399)%2025%20June%202024.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[https://digit.pism.pl/dlibra/publication/5011/edition/4830/content]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[oai:digit.pism.pl:4830]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Library of the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[PISM Bulletin no. 91 (2399), 2024]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Library of the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[PISM Bulletin no. 91 (2399), 2024]]></dc:source>
<dc:language><![CDATA[eng]]></dc:language>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Biuletyn PISM nr 91 (2901), 2024]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[oai:digit.pism.pl:publication:5011]]></dc:relation>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:rights>
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