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<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[EU Currencies Face the Pandemic: Euro Area, Other Member States' Capacities to Overcome the Crisis]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[EU Currencies Face the Pandemic: Euro Area, Other Member States' Capacities to Overcome the Crisis]]></dc:title>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Płóciennik, Sebastian.]]></dc:creator>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[European Union]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[EURO monetary area]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Economic situation]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Economic crises]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Crisis management]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Unia Europejska]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[strefa walutowa euro]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[sytuacja gospodarcza]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[kryzys gospodarczy]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[zarządzanie kryzysem]]></dc:subject>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Warsaw]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[In the struggle with COVID-19, European Union countries with their own currencies face more difficult conditions to take anti-crisis measures than eurozone members. The difference is due to the international role of the euro, the potential of the European Central Bank (ECB) to finance governments and banks, and access to special rescue mechanisms. Asymmetries in anti-crisis policy may lead some Central European countries to accelerate preparations for membership in the euro area.]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Warsaw]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[In the struggle with COVID-19, European Union countries with their own currencies face more difficult conditions to take anti-crisis measures than eurozone members. The difference is due to the international role of the euro, the potential of the European Central Bank (ECB) to finance governments and banks, and access to special rescue mechanisms. Asymmetries in anti-crisis policy may lead some Central European countries to accelerate preparations for membership in the euro area.]]></dc:description>
<dc:publisher><![CDATA[The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:publisher>
<dc:date><![CDATA[2020.04.29]]></dc:date>
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<dc:identifier><![CDATA[http://digit.pism.pl/Content/5996/Bulletin%20PISM%20no%2094%20(1524)%2029%20April%202020.pdf]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[https://digit.pism.pl/dlibra/publication/6180/edition/5996/content]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[oai:digit.pism.pl:5996]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Library of the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[PISM Bulletin no. 94 (1524), 2020]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Library of the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[PISM Bulletin no. 94 (1524), 2020]]></dc:source>
<dc:language><![CDATA[eng]]></dc:language>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Biuletyn PISM nr 94 (2026), 2020]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[oai:digit.pism.pl:publication:6180]]></dc:relation>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM)]]></dc:rights>
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